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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast you're likely to know that different types of beans have different flavor profiles. Learn more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a type of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity and more tart flavor profile and are often added to coffee blends to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are milder and have a sweeter flavor than Robusta. They are available in a variety of flavor profiles. The aroma and taste of coffee are affected by the conditions under which it is grown and the methods of processing used.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were energy-rich after eating these berries, and that the cultivation of coffee beans near me soon spread across the world.

Coffee beans can flourish at high altitudes and thrive in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons that Arabica is regarded as the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on ethical sourcing of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique signature coffees that can be used in many different brewing techniques. Blending can be used to control the aroma, flavor and body as well as the acidity of the coffee. It is frequently preferred to achieve a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most popular type of coffee bean in the world. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to disease and pests. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants that naturally occur. However, these acids could cause oxidation during the coffee brewing process and could result in unpleasant flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, able grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sun. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive the fact is that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to make coffee blends. If you've noticed the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya on a bag of coffee then it's likely that there's some robusta in there as well.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, the majority of roasters use blend the two varieties to cut costs and ensure the quality. To preserve the flavor integrity it is recommended to select an excellent bean from a trusted source. The best way to achieve this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape similar to a football, which is what makes them distinct from other coffee beans. They have a distinctive aroma that is fruity and floral with subtle smoky undertones. They are often added to other coffee bean varieties to provide a fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as and in Southeast Asia. They are resistant to hot, humid conditions and can be grown at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for home-growing. You can find the seeds on the internet from a variety of sources, however it is best to purchase them from local producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils with moderately acidic and sufficient annual rainfall.

Another type of organic coffee beans bean is Excelsa which was previously thought to be a separate species, but is now classified as a subspecies of Liberica. These oval-shaped coffee beans are grown on large coffee bean coffee plants that can reach 20-30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. They have a distinct taste that is both tart and fruity which has made them a sought-after option in blends made by home. They have a lighter aroma and caffeine levels than Arabica or Robusta but they do possess a distinct depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most sought-after kind of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually regarded as an entirely different species of coffee up until 2006, at which point they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Today, they're grown mainly in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's coffee beans wholesale suppliers [look what i found] production. The beans have a distinctive teardrop-shaped shape and possess an eerie, dark roast coffee beans taste. They're often used in blends to give extra body and a full tart, ripe fruit taste.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are renowned for having a the most delicious taste. They grow best at high altitudes and enjoy warm, tropical climates. They can be a bit acidic. When roasted and brewed correctly they can be flavored like nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and makes up about 40 percent of the world's beans. These beans are rounder and smaller, but contain twice as much caffeine than Arabica. They also taste bitterer than the other two types and have a woody, earthy taste.

Once you've mastered the four most commonly used types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select your ideal coffee. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste pick an arabica or a blend of robusta beans and arabica beans.